Dr. Tamzin Blewett University of Alberta Understanding the complex toxicity of chemical mixtures in freshwater environments Hydraulic fracturing is a technique used globally to recover oil and gas from impermeable sources (e.g. shale, coal beds). During this process chemical additives are injected into the ground at high pressures to “fracture” rock formations yielding oil and gas. Over time mixtures of the injected chemicals and hydrocarbon products will flow back to the surface as a complex solution termed flowback and produced water (FPW). Spills or applications (e.g. as a dust and ice suppressant) of hydraulic FPW can be devastating to freshwater environments. During this presentation I will review the current knowledge of FPW toxicity to freshwater organisms with larger implications on ecosystems. The key toxic components of the FPW mixtures will be highlighted, as well as potential mechanisms by which effects on individuals are exerted. Consideration will be given to real-world exposure scenarios, and the possible biological and ecological impacts if the thawing Arctic hydrocarbon reserves are subjected to this method of oil and gas extraction.
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